ABSTRACT
To evaluate the effects of nutritional supplements on nitrogen and energy balances, body composition and immune parameters, HIV-infected malnourished adult outpatients were prospectively studied. Forty-six patients (4 females and 42 males; 37 +/- 12 y) were supplemented with a polymeric diet (PD) or regular foods (RF) on two consecutive 45-day periods on a crossover design. Weight, skinfold thicknesses, plasma albumin (PA), CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte counts (LC), resting energy expenditure (REE) and urinary nitrogen excretion were measured at baseline, 45 and 90-day. Food intake was weekly recorded by food surveys. Thirty-five patients completed the protocol (18 in Group 1:PD-->RF; 17 in Group 2:RF-->PD). In both groups, weight, fat free mass (FFM), energy balance (EB) and nitrogen balance (NB) increased significantly after PD, whereas LC and PA remained unchanged in both groups. The best results in terms of weight gain were obtained in the PD group and PD plus zidovudine subgroup (n = 8) during the first 45 days (weight gain/FFM gain: 4.8/2.6 kg and 6.8/3.1 kg, respectively). Nutritional supplement with PD, according to the EB and NB goals, was well tolerated and permitted to achieve a significant weight and FFM gain over a 90-day follow-up.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/diet therapy , Dietary Supplements , HIV Wasting Syndrome/diet therapy , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Cross-Over Studies , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/metabolism , Energy Metabolism , Nitrogen/metabolism , Nutritional Requirements , Prospective Studies , HIV Wasting Syndrome/metabolism , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/metabolism , Weight GainABSTRACT
La nutrición parental periférica (NPP) es una técnica por medio de la cual soluciones nutricionales son infundidas a travéz de venas periféricas, condicionando una asistencia nutricional completa o parcial, evitando la colocación de un catéter venoso central. Esto último es su mayor ventaja. Sin embargo, la nutrición parental periférica tiene ciertas limitaciones y ostenta algunas complicaciones ocasionalmente, entre las cuales la mas importante es la tromboflebitis. En esta revisión se discuten y analizan los factores responsables de estas tromboflebitis iatrogénicas y las medidas y recomendaciones para prevenirlas
Subject(s)
Humans , Parenteral Nutrition/standards , Catheterization, Peripheral/standards , Parenteral Nutrition , Thrombophlebitis/etiology , Thrombophlebitis/prevention & controlABSTRACT
La pancreatitis aguda es una entidad frecuente en nuestro medio. La enfermedad biliar es la causa principal en el desencadenamiento de ella. La evolución de la pancreatitis aguda puede adquirir diferentes formas clínicas que se relacionan con el pronóstico. Se proponen factores pronósticos de la enfermedad tanto desde el punto de vista clínico, de laboratorio y de imagenología. Se analizan los tratamientos actuales y conductas terapéuticas
Subject(s)
Humans , Pancreatitis/diagnosis , Amylases/blood , Diagnosis, Differential , Diagnosis-Related Groups , Pancreatic Diseases/microbiology , Physical Examination/methods , Cross Infection/diagnosis , Lipase/blood , Pancreatitis/classification , Pancreatitis/complications , Pancreatitis/therapy , Pancreatic Pseudocyst/diagnosis , Pancreatic Function Tests/methodsABSTRACT
Se presenta un caso de oclusión duodenal arterio-mesentérica y se hacen consideraciones sobre aspectos anatomicoclínicos y procedimientos diagnósticos complementarios. Se analiza el papel de la nutrición enteral como una técnica de elección en el manejo médico de esta patología